Task

Aniline is an important raw material for dyes and drugs. The transformations are: C₆H₆ →(HNO₃, conc. H₂SO₄) A →(Fe, HCl) B; B →(Br₂, aqueous) C; B →(HCl) D →(NaOH) B; B →(CH₃COOH, heat) E. 1) Write the preparation of A and identify the electrophile in the mechanism. 2) Write the reduction of A to B (Zinin reaction). 3) Write the reaction of B with bromine water, the visible sign and the significance of the reaction. 4) Write the formation of D from B and name D. 5) Write the reaction of D with alkali and explain its practical use. 6) Write the formation of E and name E. 7) Arrange aniline, ammonia and methylamine by basic strength and explain this by their structure. No calculations are required: for each part give the reaction equations (with structural formulas), conditions, names of substances and the necessary explanations.